Peter Diamandis — Embracing AI, Befriending Elon, And Living Forever
Channel: Alex Kantrowitz
Published at: 2024-07-29
YouTube video id: q9YF8E2XXVo
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q9YF8E2XXVo
one of the biggest thinkers in Tech and Innovation joins us to talk about AI abundance Elon Musk and extending your lifespan all that and more coming up right after this welcome to Big technology podcast a show for cool-headed nuance conversation of the tech world and Beyond we're joined today by Peter dandis he's the founder and executive chairman of the x prise foundation he's a multiple times best-selling author and he's also the host of The Great moonshot podcast Peter welcome to the show thank you Alex great to be here great to have you here I've been following your work for quite some time and know you recently held this abundance Summit where you talked a lot about artificial intelligence you had some great speakers there and I think the main question there was whether AI is going to help us boom or AI is going to be the end of us this Boomers versus doomers framework and and you just wrote on X right before this uh I reiterate that AI will be Humanity's greatest hope or will be our gravest threat there is no in between so I really wanted we we talk about the new here why is it one or the other and if it's one or the other and I know of course we have some you know determination on which way we go but which way do you think we're headed yeah so it's one or the other because it is so extraordinarily powerful it's not a little bit more powerful than a intelligent human right we're seeing uh we're seeing generative AI today really meeting and exceeding human level AI what we call artificial general intelligence uh Claude 3 was at an IQ of 101 we just saw uh GPT 40 released that exceeds Claude 3 but there's no boundary level here there's no boundary for human level it's going to continue to increase and there's no reason to believe it's not going to get a 100 times or a thousand times or a million or a billion times more powerful than the average human what typically called digital super intelligence and once it's there if it is in support of our society of of humanity of homo sapiens it's our greatest hope ever it's a boomer opportunity right it's helping us cure all of our ills explore the Stars uh you know uplevel our dreams if it's used for dystopian purposes I don't think AI on its own is going to be dystopian I think it's the human use of AI that could be dystopian then you've got a tool that um is the most dangerous tool on the planet so that's the that's the debate you know I had my I have my abundance Summit every year where I you know support and and Coach uh 400 CEOs and that was the theme this year the greatest hope or or the the greatest uh threat for Humanity R and so what are you leaning towards right now I'm I'm you know I'm not only The Optimist I'm the guy who says the Glass isn't half full the glass is overflowing I truly truly believe that as systems become more and more intelligent they get more abundant minded more loving of life um more supportive you know a if you look there was a study done by a friend of mine Alvin gryan in his R this latest book the new reality and he looked at leaders around the world who were sort of the despots and the greatest leaders and there was a direct correlation with the amount of school they had how much learning they had how open-minded they are because if you've got uh a digital superintelligence who you tell go and Destroy these people I mean honestly there are ways to get your solution without killing and I think we're going to see digital super intelligence potentially help Society really uh survive over the decades ahead that's interesting so your belief is that the more education we get the more empathetic we're going to be and as AIS get more educated then therefore they will resemble the same qualities I I think I I put it a different way as well which is if you think about wisdom right we talk about our societal leaders being wise right our elders being wise and you know you ask what do they why are they wise well they've seen so many things in their life you go to them and say you know Village Elder what do you think's going to happen here what should we do well I saw that 40 years ago whatever can you imagine a digital super intelligence that is able to play out a billion simulations of every scenario and see where they lead that is the ultimate wisdom and uh you know people say well people are going to fight over things that are scarce and rare resources I don't think there's such a thing as scarcity um scarcity is contextual right we think of energy being scarce but we were bathed in 8,000 times more energy from the Sun we consume as a species in a year and we're about to really bring Fusion online you know um we don't have you know talk food scarcity but we're Reinventing how to produce food in vertical Farms or cultivated Meats so there are ways to really use technology to turn scarcity into abundance over and over again and that's what intelligence can do right but also aren't I mean evil people are you know most evil people have been very smart and the thing that makes them so dangerous is that they don't have say the morals that would keep them from doing the damage so you can have one very smart evil person doing way more damage than a bunch of really smart benevolent people so how do you square that in the equation here so listen there is most definitely uh that risk right I'm not worried about uh you know artificial intelligence I'm worried about human stupidity to put the put that in jued positioning um the only way to guard against that is it's white hat black hat in this scenario the ability to use AI to guard us I do you have to ask yourself the question in your heart do you believe on the whole human nature is good or evil in the majority of of humans right we have more and more individuals which we can call entrepreneurs who can find and solve problems the more people finding and solving problems the better the world gets I I like to say in uh the work I do in my abundance Summit um you know the world's biggest problems are the world's biggest business opportunities and so we're going to have more and more people trying to solve big problems are we going to have people using these Technologies for for uh uh selfish um you know reasons for uh you know reasons that could injure Society 100% do we have the ability to detect it and fight it we do and let's talk about governance quickly because we've been talking right now with this kind of morphus like what will AI do and I think that so many conversations about AI tend to sort of and I think we've kind of already touched on it remove the humans from the equation but you at the very beginning started talking about we have anthropic we have Google Now Elon is trying to build super intelligence um who do you think is going to control it and should we let's say one organization let's say for instance Google is able to achieve some form of super intelligence right for instance let's say they create AI that can improve Ai and it just continues to accelerate and and we have lift off uh what are the risks of having a single entity control this super intelligence whether it's a company or or a government and and how does that change the picture um that I have heard such incredibly uh compelling arguments on both sides of the equation um ultimately I believe that it is going to need to be decentralized and democratized um and I don't believe that we're going to have one Central company control this uh I think it's really empowering uh Humanity uh on an individual basis you know Sam wman a couple of days ago talked about instead of universal basic income why don't we in instead offer everybody a slice of you know compute coming online and let them utilize that or donate that towards the cause that they want um I think it's going to be having multitude of AIS that are uh that are supporting their their governments their companies their user base uh but this level of transparency that enables us to um assure that the ultimate code the ultimate underlying principles of these AIS are positive uh is going to be critical this level of transparency so you know on comes online and he's building xai and he says I'm building xai based upon two principles one maximal truth seeking right and maximal curiosity and those seem like really good fundamentals um you know tell the truth always independent of whether it's politically uh the right thing or the wrong thing to do uh here's the the thing I think most people have to realize this isn't playing out in your kids lifetime uh or in 10 years this is playing out in the next 2 to 5 years it is like right now that this this game this 99th level of the game is happening and uh we do have a number of global leaders whether it's Elon or you know Google or Microsoft uh and we have thousands no not thousands we have hundreds of thousands of entrepreneurs building companies uh on the backs of those and independent of those it is about to transform every aspect of Our Lives I don't and by the way I don't know that the government has the ability to regulate any of this right and look I definitely want to continue this line but you said something interesting that you think that this is going to happen within two to five years I'm curious what makes you confident to think that we're going to be on such a short timeline to achieve I don't know what we call it AI liftoff super intelligence human level intell I'm seeing I'm feeling and seeing what's going on right we just saw the release of uh of GPT 40 we just saw um Claude 3 Google IO is going on right now and there's more more every entrepreneur that I know that's at the top of their game is playing in this area every investor is investing heavily in this area we have more cognitive capacity more Capital more compute being thrown into this you know this year at my abundance Summit I had Elon on stage and you know he threw out he said listen we're we're 10 Xing the amount of uh of compute and AI Talent every 6 months 100x per year every every um com compute cluster is going towards being applied for generative AI um so it's not a linear slow incremental growth this is a period of disruptive growth and it's going to be generating more returns more people coming in uh and of course like you said as soon as we have you know AI programming AI um then then liftoff occurs you know near near immediately A lot of my friends feel like we've reached AGI it's a fuzzy boundary right there was there was the touring test of you know which got passed some months or years back without even being noticed because you can't tell the difference now in having a chat with a lot of the chat Bots whether they're human or or not I mean maybe if you think they're too good and too smooth if they respond super fast exactly then it's like oh you're probably an AI but otherwise not um yeah I guess that's assuming that these these generative techniques continue to scale and I think that's the the big question facing the industry at at the moment then you have folks like Gom Verdon with extra AI which is coming online with a new form of compute um uh thermodynamic compute which is looking at a different approach it's not digital it's not Quantum and then you got Quantum coming online second half this decade I think there's so much money and and and Intelligence being thrown at this that I don't think there is a a falling off I think the growth continues yeah and I want to go back to one more thing that we talked about this conversation of AI before moving on which was that talking about how this is going to be decentralized and helpful to people and I think that doesn't that assume some benevolence uh and I'm going to go back to this Google example I mean if you think about it if a company is able to create let's say super intelligence or even something that's like a step below artificial general intelligence there's so much economic benefit there I mean you would imagine that something that's better than than humans at most tasks is able to create companies and solve problems more more than most entrepreneurs can today and it doesn't sleep so I guess I'm trying to think why why how do you end up getting from a point where a company is trying to get an Roi in all of its investments in this area and reaping those economic gains to a point where there is this um AI for all and decentralized version of the technology it just that everybody catches up Alex there's good news here um in that we have seen not a single company but we've seen five six seven eight companies All In Parallel delivering similar generative AI capabilities and they're all priced either free or like 20 bucks a month right no one was so far ahead that's it's like this is a million bucks um if you get a chance to use it all right so the fact that there are multiple players um and they're all starting at or near zero is a super positive indication of the future I don't think you're going to have uh people all of a sudden you know all eight of them getting into a cabal and saying okay let's all charge a th000 bucks a month because we can uh you also have great business models like Google that is and by which has you know been available for free around the world uh and there these companies are making money on secondary and tertiary implications of that free business model and I think you're going to see that here with AI as well I think AI will become ultimately the best educator on the planet and the best diagnostician on the planet available on your mobile phone and I think that educator again the best on the planet will be available for free to the poorest child and the wealthiest child and it won't be like it's a little bit better for the person who's wealthy just like Google for Larry Page's kids is not different than Google for a kid in a flla using it yeah I mean it is amazing so my wife and I were just talking about like how much time it takes to tutor kids and like help them do their homework and now like even watching the past few weeks uh demos you see that you can I I guess you can extensively just turn over a lot of this to a world-class tutor that's going to be able to look at their homework work with them on their homework even attend PTA meetings and get the notes so you can be better better parents and that is that is pretty interesting to me yeah it it it is and you've got you know salul Khan with Khan Academy with Khan Amigo which is a GPT 4 powered version of it and you know this year at abundance 360 um I showed a video of Steve Jobs years ago uh saying you know I'm so so jealous that uh Alexander the Great had Aristotle at his p as his personal tutor and so I said to the audience let me introduce you to Aristotle and and Steve Brown my chief a officer had created a uh a digital Avatar of Aristotle based on all of his works and I had conversations and I used Aristotle as a co-host and that is now true which all the great educators of all time and there works and their knowledge and their philosophies are available to you and your kids to have a conversation or debate with be taught about ilad and the Odyssey by Homer directly I mean this is the world we're heading and it's free right okay one last question about AI then we're going to move on to Elon um I want to ask you where you think the economic benefit is going to be here because you brought up a very interesting point that you know you think about the open AIS and the clouds it's 20 bucks a month or it's free and open I recently said all right your our latest model GPT 40 free free for everyone so who's going to make money here Peter yeah I think it's going to be based on upleveling the values and services so so I have a company called Fountain life for example which is what I consider the most advanced Diagnostics and Therapeutics company and we employ the best functional medicine doctors and put you through a full day Diagnostic and then take all of the data analyze it and deliver it back to you and we could do it without AI in the loop it's just more difficult and more complicated and is not as good as um having AI in the loop so we will make money by delivering a better service that is made more accurate faster able to service more members by using AI yeah the application of going be the application when I tell people entrepreneurs I say listen if you want to start an AI company you need two things unique data and a um a relationship with a Marketplace that you can offer to so the AI is becoming democratized and demonetized the data and the market and the AI together create new businesses yeah all right let's let's go to Elon um you know we we uh it's always interesting speaking about Elon on this podcast when we bring out the critics like we had some Elon critics uh on a couple weeks ago and the inbox flooded with uh negative comments because people love Elon and then we bring on people that support Elon and then the inbox floods with negative comments because there are people who hate him you've been friends with him for 20 years so I I basically this is sort of the way that we're approaching yilan on the show is we're going to talk with the people who love him and the people who have crit who critique him and hopefully over time listeners will get a nuanced picture of him because that's sort of what we're and and basically come to their own conclusions right like we're not going to tell you how to think on this show you're going to basically you're going to hear from people who've been close to the guy and who don't like what he's doing also and then sort of make up your own mind there and Peter you've been friends with him for 20 years 24 years yeah you were there at the very beginning of of SpaceX so I'm curious I'd love to hear a like you're reflection of of what makes Elon different than others as an entrepreneur and then also why you think it's so difficult to have these Nuance conversations about him um I think he's extraordinarily brilliant he is a genius level IQ and he's uh he's got incredible conviction right so elon's what he would call a first principles thinker you know he will evaluate a situation um to First principles like the physics of what going on reach a conclusion and then what he does that very few others have done is he puts it all on black right or all on red he bets everything uh including his reputation including his health including his time uh and he goes all in and I find that extraordinary uh you know we have so many billionaires out there that are just sitting on their wealth you know they built a company they made money and all of that but they're not reinvesting it uh in other moonshots right they're sitting on a hundred billion dollar of wealth and using that to buy more houses or more Yachts or to make more money with their wealth it's like you know what are you going to do with it you're going to give it to your kids and ruin their lives you're going to give it to your lawyers to give away or why don't you use both your wealth and your intelligence to go and pick problems and solve them and elon's done that over and over again so to him you know on I remember January 7th of 2021 he became the wealthiest person on the planet I think that was the date uh and he was getting a lot of criticism about not being philanthropic now he had funded a few years earlier a $15 million um Global Learning exerprise to teach kids in Africa reading and writing arithmetic without any adults just on an app on a tablet and it was a great success and so I texted him and I said Elon a lot of critique on philanthropy how about funding another X prise and he said what do you have in mind and I said we have aund million gigaton carbon removal prize that we need someone to underwrite and he wrote back sure that was it uh two months later we were launching this $100 million prize uh you know he donated like I don't know what it was $130 million for the purse and for the operations and and again he's when he's clear about what he wants to do the decision process of making it happen is is amazing you know and have to remember he is a consumate engineer all right uh Starship Falcon 1 Falcon 9 Falcon heavy Starship um amazing Engineers that follow him and he he is able to get the best including Gwen Shotwell who really as president operates SpaceX but he also has got a clear fundamental Vision uh and I just salute the guy the world is a much much better place because of him and then what do you think about this about how polarizing he is I I just think that I'll just give you like one perspective here I think he he so often just kind of steps in it unnecessarily and you think about some of like the the tweets he's done um you know the Paul Pelosi tweet or this fouchy prison tweet that he did which was you know unnecessary I agree with you yeah I mean it's as a friend you want to protect him um and say don't do that yeah there's lot of friends who do but he's what you see is what you get he speaks his mind always most of the times that's brilliant some of the times it gets him in trouble do you think that um I mean people I'm curious if you have context on this people it seems from the outside that he's like pretty impulsive in terms of the things that he does it seems like Twitter was an Impulse by even the most recent where he fired a good chunk of the or I think the entire supercharger team uh now he's trying to hire some of them back and uh people were like okay is this the end of superchargers but maybe he just needed seems like he when he wants to just redo something he just kind of clears the deck and tries to start over uh yeah is he a little bit too impulsive he's very impulsive but there's always a fundamental underneath that I mean the Twitter purchase w it was an Impulse I think he he was he had a Clear Vision of what Twitter could be right he had a Clear Vision of X when he had built PayPal he wanted the ultimate U banking institution and and X now x.com will become not only a platform for communications and for conversations like this it'll become a bank it'll become you know wallets it'll become crypto become all of those things um one layer at a time and he'll turn in you know Elon will be the first billionaire out there he'll turn X into an extraordinary platform uh SpaceX and you know and starlink which I got to admit starlink is brilliant right it's been tried so many times before with global star and aridium and tesic and they all failed yeah well I mean he's definitely he realized I think with Starling that he had the rockets and when you got the rockets that the it's not that the notion of building a Global Internet uh based on satellite is is Trivial but it's much more feasible than if you're trying to ride had been tried it had been tried before by companies that own Rockets like orbital Sciences with orcom it's just not only did he have the Rockets he had the engineering uh Brilliance uh to create something that uh has dominated the field and I know of many people who have tried to do this and just failed so it's the combination of uh what's the Greek word hutzpah um yeah konus um and Brilliance and capital and also you know he has the ability to do something which is biblical which is speak a vision right and literally create it by being able to aggregate the capital and the talent and the marketing and birth it right the same here x. a I mean um from zero to a huge valuation uh by virtue of his his involvement I want to talk to you about about that about neuralink but I just want to ask one more followup here which is do you think that saying like Elon is who he is is that letting him off the hook a little too easily um I I think think he has got responsibility given the platform he has MH and the people who follow him and worship him to have some uh clear thinking before he makes some of the statements he makes I do agree with that and and he is who he is um meaning I have SE I have I've been in conversations or seen him in conversations where when a person said the wrong trigger a different Elon comes out yeah um and again on the whole it's not like he's a little bit better for Humanity I think he's a THX better for Humanity and the things that he's taking on the world's a better place because he's here investing his Brilliance and his mind one thing I'll say is um I think that he doesn't operate from Fear which is and I think we're going to talk about that a little later but just it is it is interesting how so many people say this can't be done and and he's like basically when he gets an idea he will try it he's like the I'll just make it happen if he's if he's done the mental physics uh from a first principal thinking standpoint he will take it on and a lot of times he'll see things that others don't see other times he will just brute force it into existence right kind of like with SpaceX yeah exactly so so on neuralink it seems interesting because we we've obviously seen like the first neuralink device implanted it looks like it's had some pretty impressive results already um one thing I think you brought up to him is that is there is there going to be this moment where neuralink is going to connect our brains with AI and effectively couple us with it so I'd love to hear your thoughts about like whether that's the direction it's going to go and you know should we be excited about something like that uh the answer is without question we're going that way right so here I've got my my cell phone um it does a lot of capabilities on board but when it wants to do something difficult it uses the 5G Network to go to the edge of the cloud do the calculations there and send the answer back our brains are limited in their abilities 100 billion neurons 100 trillion synaptic connections and there's going to be a time in the not too distant future Ray crowell's prediction 2033 right for a high bandwidth brain computer interface where I think it and that thought goes through neurolink or whatever company to the edge of the cloud where the processing gets done and then the answer comes back to my brain you know we can't make our brains any bigger uh our neocortex this folded uh layer on the brain was an was an attempt by Evolution to increase that outer layer of the brain it folded onto itself to get increased surface area but our brains can't get any bigger because we would not be able to be given birth through Mom's birth canal so uh the only way to expand it is what we do with our cell phones Ray predicted high bandwidth brain computer interface in 2033 we have neuralink we have um uh you know a half dozen other companies uh out there uh that are up and operational um and you know this year for example on stage at my abundance Summit this in March of 25 I have an amazing woman from MIT who has a brand new approach with these uh microscopic circulat tronic chips that are less than the size of a red blood cell that will be introduced into your you know your arterial system and go and flow into the brain and give you millions of connection points right so these sorts of Technologies are coming it's Fantastic Voyage from the movie and the book you know there companies like paradromics they're doing amazing work right now and black rock and others uh if you think about what is the most what is what is the most valuable thing you could do to increase the capability of your employees or your country it would be to increase the intelligence of your people and so AI is part of that but also you know BCI is part of that and ultimately the merger of of humans and AI coupling as we talked about it uh is is likely where we're going are you going to be an early adopter on that stuff I listen I cannot I can't go any place without this thing right it's my augmented I'm on stage in front of you know 5,000 people and I will ask the question is there anybody here who does not have their cell phone and there's not a hand that goes up the last time a hand went up I said do you not own one he goes no no I lost it in my Uber on the Y here so it's like we all are dependent on this this is this is an extension of our of our brain so I think that's reality so that's a yes to the early adopter ear yes yes yeah early adopter okay you we've talked so much we've used the word abundance so much today and you have this abundance Summit you've talked about getting to abundance it's one of the things you talk about a lot but I for those who haven't heard about it before what what do you what is abundance like what is your definition of it do we have it we have it to an extraordinary amount compared to humanity 50 years ago 100 years ago a thousand years ago abundance is access to the fundamentals of Life uh it's not about a world of luxury it's about a world of opportunity I Define technology as a force that takes whatever is scarce and makes it abundant let me give you some examples so we used to kill whales to get whale oil to light our nights that's how we got energy right then technology allowed us to uh ravage Mountain sides and get coal then we drilled kilometers under the ground for oil and natural gas now we can use photovoltaics and soon perovskite to convert sunlight into electricity and there's 8,000 times more energy that hits the surface of the Earth than we consume as a species in a year so this energy is there it's just not in a usable form yet and so technology takes what's there and not usable and makes it usable another example is water right we talk about water wars or water scarcity but we live on a on a water planet right we have 2/3 of our planets covered by water we've but unfortunately it's 97.5% salt you know 2% is ice and we fight over half a percent we just launched an X prize I'm very proud to be chairman of the X prize we have launched 30 x prizes in 30 years uh about $600 million in competitions and we just launched $120 million prize our largest ever out of Abu Dhabi for large-scale desalination can we improve the process of giving everybody access to clean water so abundance is access to Food Water Energy health healthare education you know ultimately more time even can we get time abundance right well working on that through longevity we get time abundance by I don't know if you remember the old days I used to go to the library to research a report I would spend you know our getting there looking through card cataloges trying to find the book not finding the book going to another library now Google gives us back those 2 or three hours there's more time abundance that way so so all of the charts uh are up and to the right unfortunately we have an abundance of empty calories too leading to uh to obesity we have an abundance of carbon in the atmosphere so it's not all positive but we majority vast majority of this abundance is giving every man woman and child access to the fundamentals of that we need and if we have so much abundance why do you think people are so unhappy or are they not you know it's fascinating um one of the primary reasons is we judge ourselves against our neighbor uh there is a um there's a concept um uh which all of us have in our minds 150 people that we consider our peers um and they are your friends they're people you see on TV all the time there are people that that you have a relationship with and you judge yourself not based upon how far you've come or how far you've come from your great-grandparents or how far you've come since the Middle Ages you base yourself on how you compare yourself to the Kardashians you know or how you compare yourself to this billionaire or that billionaire and that's a that's a way for you know a path for disaster so um instead of realizing amazing I have a cell phone with free music and entertainment and education and I have air conditioning and heating and light and and I can talk to anybody on the other side of the planet for free we don't value those things because we don't have a private jet or whatever it might be what do you think it says about the human condition that we're so quick to take these things for granted I mean I'm thinking in particular we talked about AI models where like Chad GPT came out and everyone's like this is the most incredible thing ever developed and then a year later they're like this is a piece of when is GPT 5 coming out yeah it's a Fickle n part of human nature um we tend to accept everything as Baseline and we're always looking for change we're always looking for how do we improve our ourselves the other side though equally interesting Alex is that everybody likes uh I mean no one really likes dramatic change right you like waking up in the morning knowing the world is the same way it was as when you went to sleep the night before um and when when there is dramatic change um people resist it and there's a lot of dramatic change coming y that is for sure I mean I guess it's already upon us so and accelerating and we're going to now shift a little bit into health and Medicine the world of medicine but just a bridge those two worlds talking about things that are changing so in preparation for this uh conversation I went back and watched your 2012 Ted Talk do you remember how you ended that talk um my abundance Ted Talk in 2012 protein folding Pro yes and you mentioned that there's a human who humans are the best protein folders and that it used to be the work of supercomputers yes but now it's the work of AI things like Alpha fold so talk a little bit about the significance of that right because I I had written in in my notes here that like AI is you know the path to abundance where we in 2012 you already talking and I think you mentioned a little bit about AI but you're already talking about how we have more energy more water more communication but now we're going to have that effectively you know in multiple uh and and that is also going to be more medical breakthroughs so I'm curious if you can give your thought I mean it's interesting I I remember now I talked about um a the ability for the crowd to uh to help uh predict protein folding was a superc Computing problem for the last 50 years and of course Alpha fold by Google's Deep Mind solved protein folding and just recently something called Alpha fold 3 was just announced by by Demis at and it's revolutionary I was talking about this morning it's the ability not only to to predict the folding of a of a protein but the interaction of all molecules of life like how this protein and this lipid and this sugar will interact and where they're going next what's that it's crazy it's crazy and where we're going next is the ability to model your cell in Ai and then your tissue and then your organ and then you and know this drug works for you and this drug does not work for you and to really understand right so I I just I've written two books in the longevity space um one with Tony Robbins called life force and one um behind my shoulder here called Longevity your your your practical Playbook and you know I talk about the notion that this decade is different uh and that we're about to have a health span Revolution and it's you know for me Ai and Longevity are the two biggest business opportunities on the planet there's nothing of Greater opportunity right what wouldn't someone pay in their 70s or 80s for an extra 30 years of healthy life that gives them the energy the Aesthetics Mobility they had when they're in their 30s or 40s right I mean you give it all at some point so it's massive Marketplace and and what's making this health span Revolution occur is AI is the coming Quantum Technologies is uh Gene therapies epigenetic reprogramming Capital flowing in smartest people in the world you're either working on AI or extending Health span and it's coming and I talk about you need to be in a longevity mindset ready to intercept these Technologies when they come your way absolutely and I want to talk about that and plenty more when we come back from the break so let's do that right after this and we're back here on big technology podcast with Peter diamandis he is the founder and CEO of the xprize foundation he is multiple times bestselling author we've talked about some of the books already and also the host of the moonshot podcast Peter how many years do you want to live you know that's a great question I used to have a canned answer that was more of a joke and I'll I'll tell you that and then answer it um when I was in medical school I was in ad joint MIT Harvard MD PhD program I never finished a PhD but I just barely finished my medical degree I watched a television show one day on Long Live sea life and learned that bowhead whales could live 200 years and Greenland sharks could live four or 500 years and I remember saying if they can live that long why you know why can't I and so I set this multi- hundred-year lifespan objective um but really my objective is to live long enough to intercept what's called Longevity escape velocity which I think is a term I'd love everybody hear about so today for every year that you're Live Science is extending your life for about a third of a year these breakthroughs are helping add uh additional vibrancy and and length to your health span not necessar life spent Health span as well there's going to be a point at which for every year that you're alive science extends your life for more than a year and that's called Longevity escape velocity um I heard that first from Ray kwell and Aubrey deg gray and I I speak to a lot of the top longevity researchers and ask their opinion when do you think we're going to hit this longevity escape velocity Ray Kell's prediction is 2030 which is insanely close right why it's because AI is going to help us understand why we age how to slow it how to stop it how to reverse it George Church puts it at some some 15 years out uh David Sinclair is in that same that same area so you know let's call it 20 years um your goal over the next 20 years is to stay as healthy as you can and to not die from something stupid in the indrum and to be there to intercept these breakthroughs that are going to add vitality and health so my honest answer is to live long enough to intercept longevity escape velocity and then you know to see my great grandkids to go step foot on the moon to go and you know mine asteroids and the asteroid belt whatever the 9-year-old kid in me wants to do and the natural question that comes up after this is who's this going to be available to like who are these treatments like I was I've heard recently about this treatment of cancer that kind of breaks down exactly like what your your body will respond to and then for like a million dollars a pill or some crazy number like that will help cure yourself but it's only available to people that can afford that so are we going to end up having yeah are we going to have a class of people that can live you know effectively Escape that you know longevity curve and a bunch of people that will continue to die at a normal normal rate is that fair so let me break it down in two parts number one um it's if I had to guess what the treatment would be for extended Health span it's what's called epigenetic reprogramming um I'll just mention you have the same genes 3.2 billion letters from your mom and your dad when you're born when you're 50 when you're 100 same genetics same software nothing's changed so why do you look different why don't you have a six-pack when you're 100 that you had when you're 18 and it's not your genes it's what genes are on and what genes are off which is referred to as your epigenome from the Greek word for above and the ability to control which genes are on and off that varies during as we age and there's been a lot of work right now and it's one of the hottest areas um of reversing your epigenetic programming to a earlier State and that's likely to be a gene therapy um and those treatments you just spoke about for Orphan diseases rare diseases rare cancers and so forth you can get a gene therapy might cost a half a million bucks might cost two million bucks it's expensive and the reason it's expensive is the number of cases are so small MH however it turns out all humans have the same disease called Aging it's all of us 8 billion of us and so if you are developing a treatment that's affecting hundreds of millions or billions of people um the cost plummets to near zero we saw this with the covid vaccines so our mRNA vaccines from from madna or fizer were Gene therapies and they cost two bucks each all right they were sold for 20 bucks or whatever the case might be so we know that you can Mass produce Gene therapies extraordinarily cheaply so that's the first thing just to give a an example of yes in the beginning when it doesn't work so well it'll be paid for by the wealthiest and it'll be expensive and then as it goes into production it will be available for everybody it will work extraordinarily well and it'll be cheap and same thing that happened with cell phones right the first cell phones were $100,000 and they dropped a call every two blocks and now you know the cell phones and favellas are amazing and they cost you know 20 40 bucks but there's another point and I I make it in my my longevity book which is the majority of the stuff that you can do today is effectively free um and the stuff you should be doing today to keep yourself in the highest level of Health to intercept these breakthroughs are are exercising every day so I'm in the gym at least 5 days a week right it have to be if you can't afford a gym membership then at least get down and do some pull-ups and push-ups and and get your exercise the number one thing you can do number two eight hours of sleep number three minimize sugars in your body sugars a neurop about sugar CU that's a big thing for you talk about sugar because I I'll be honest like I'm like I'm definitely addicted there and there's like even proven scientific stuff that like it helps with writing so so talk a little bit about study done there was a study done years ago where they tested a whole bunch of chemicals on on grad students the ultimate uh research lab animal uh and they they said what chemicals increase a person's IQ and their abilities and it was glucose and caffeine right Coca-Cola very familiar with both of those right yeah so here's the reality you have to remember we evolved on the savanas of Africa 100,000 200,000 years ago as hominids and uh a lot of of our physiology like we were never designed to live past age 30 we would go into puberty at age 13 you'd have a baby you'd be a grandparent by 27 and then you didn't want to steal food from your grandchildren's mouths and you would die and the species would continue and so it's all downhill after age 30 what we know is there was not an abundance of sugar as we were evolving tens of thousands of years ago and sugar is a neuroinflammatory agent a cardiac inflammatory agent it glycosites proteins it hits your immune system and it's just you know I wear a a levels continuous glucose monitor all the time and I'm measuring what I eat what my glucose is doing I try I'm not perfect but I will when I'm sitting down I will always eat my veggies first all right which slows my metabolism down I'll then eat my protein and then finally well I don't eat carbohydrates but that's the third dosing should be that so it doesn't turn into you know glucose instantly in your blood stream um by the way before you go on that's something I've gotten from you listening to your podcast is attack those vegetables attack the greens first yeah and I'm doing that at every meal and it actually kind of changes the way that your body processes if you eat the greens before the bread or the carbs as opposed to the other way around a big differ you're out for a restaurant and the the wine and the bread and the butter comes first ask them to bring it back with your main meal you know they just they're going to manipulate you because if you if you eat that you know it just spikes your blood sugar makes you hungrier makes you order more I mean that's why they're doing it it's not for your health it's for their for their checkbooks yep absolutely and then you know while we talk about longevity we ALS Al have to think about overpopulation so like I'll just give you my uninformed take about overpopulation I mean it seems bad right like we have limited resources on the planet and if we continue to fill the planet with people we're going to consume those resources and we do have declining birth rates but if those go back up or if we end up with uh longer lifespans especially when you have the old older people um who are going to need need to be cared for and um it just seems like like we're going to deplete the planet but you also care about the planet obviously you've done this carbon challenge so how do we how do we deal with the fact that we could have over population but also a sustainable yeah massive increases in population but also sustainable Planet so the first thing is to look at the data and the data shows us that we are about to have not an overpopulation but a massive underpopulation of planet Earth so if you look at the growth curves um 50 years ago or call the 1950s uh it was about an average of 5.7 children per family around the world and we were in massive growth and books like the population bomb were written and so forth but the reality is we are now we've dropped from 5.7 children per family down to below 2.4 globally in the US we're below the replenishment level which is 2.1 and China's way below Japan's way below most of Asia most of Europe Italy is dissipating going away like like 7 um the only only region in growth is Africa and as Africa becomes more affluent as better comms and Ai and Technology comes there we'll expect to see that growth level drop as well and if you've got a massive under population right we Peak at 9 9 and a half billion and have a very rapid drop off um our population is tied directly to to GDP towards the ability to maintain our our world I think the only counterveiling Force there is going to be humanoid Robotics and AI That's going to allow us to support that aging population uh so I think you know Elon goes on and says listen have more kids he's got 10 or 11 I forget how many he's doing his part he's doing his part I've got two um at least in in replication or or balance mode right now but I I think people need to be um re-educated about overpopulation uh if you're flying in an airplane look out the window most of of the world is Barren except for our cities and we used to move into cities because that's where we had education that's where entertainment that's where the jobs were but that's not the case anymore you can have jobs sitting on a beach in you know in Thailand right now you can have a you know you can have entertainment and education anywhere on the planet so I think I think we're going to we're going to see a new uh population distribution on earth right okay let me ask you one more question and then we can wrap I just want to talk about fear we brought it up earlier yeah you know I was looking through your bio you've founded so many things um you know xprize you know tackling problems that uh a lot of people would find impossible to solve thinking through abundance the writing relationships uh with people like like Elon Musk Tony Robbins um so many people are governed by fear you don't seem to have it talk a little bit about like what you think our relationship with fear is and what it should be if there's one important thing I need to teach my abundance CEOs and entrepreneurs that I support is your mindset is the single most important thing you have and you know if you asked what made the greatest leaders on this planet you know Mahatma Gandhi Martin Luther King Elon Steve Jobs was it their wealth the tech they had the friends they had or was it their mindset I think most everybody would say it's their mindset and if you believe that then you have to ask yourself the question what mindset do you have where did you get it and what mindset do you need for the decade ahead and so I teach five different mindsets that I focus on I focus on an abundance mindset an exponential mindset a longevity mindset a moonshot mindset and a curiosity mindset um and the realization is that our normal mindsets are fear and scarcity right that is the minds that evolved on the savanas of Africa 100,000 years ago that saved our lives but that mindset doesn't serve you anymore and so how do you change your mindset um the same way that a large language model or neural net um trains Itself by giving it example after example after example of a cat if you want to have it notice a cat or if you want to be in an abundance mindset or an optimistic mindset versus a scarcity and fear mindset read books listen to podcasts like like yours and and moonshots and and be in this positive mindset give yourself examples to flip it because if you're watching you know CNN every night which I call the crisis News Network or the negative you know constantly negative News Network you're been being bombarded by negative views over and over and over again you're going to live in a state of fear and and the news media does that because that's what gets them clicks it's what gets you know they're they have a business model deliver your eyeballs to their advertisers and and you pay 10 times more attention to negative news and positive news so you're being manipulated in that way train your neuronet your brain by the people you hang out with what's on your walls what you read what you listen to in the way that's going to serve you in this decade ahead Peter D Peter dandis thanks so much for joining a pleasure thank you all right thanks everybody for listening we'll be back on Friday breaking down the week's news until then we'll see you next time on big technology podcast and