Tariffs and Turmoil: Flexport CEO Ryan Petersen on What Trump Is Thinking, And What Comes Next
Channel: Alex Kantrowitz
Published at: 2025-04-07
YouTube video id: bEoDjoVLzZA
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bEoDjoVLzZA
What's behind Trump's tariff push and where does it go from here for tech and the rest of the economy? It's tariffs and turmoil coming up right after this. Welcome to Big Technology Podcast, a show for cool edited nuance conversation of the tech world and beyond. We have a special report for you today and emergency podcast covering everything that's going on with tariffs from the arguments that the Trump administration is making to the impact on shipping today and the changes that we're going to see with the global supply chain. and then we'll also talk about tech stocks at the end. We're joined today by two great guests. First off, we're going to have Ryan Peterson, the CEO of Flexport, and then to talk about tech stocks, Adam Parker of Tvariat Research and a CNBC contributor is going to be here towards the end of the show. We're going to cover why Trump is doing this, if it's likely to succeed, when he might blink, what it means for the tech giants, including Apple, Amazon, Google, Meta, Microsoft, Nvidia, and Tesla. So, let's bring in Ryan. Ryan, great to see you. thanks for coming on on short notice. Uh yeah, my pleasure. So, you right now, I would say, are the most soughtafter tech CEO. We appreciate you having uh the time to come and speak with us here at Big Technology. I just want to pick up a conversation that you and I have had uh in the past, which is about uh the merits of globalization. You remember you were on the show a couple months, maybe a year ago, and I said, "You still believe in this globalization thing?" Because it had been taken uh some heat uh with uh the politicians and you're like, "Yes, definitely. No doubt." Well, I got to sell my own book, man. We're Flex Word's mission is to make global trade easy for everyone. So, it's our mission became more important this week is it's become harder and so we got to work even harder than ever. Definitely. So, let's just talk a little bit about what the White House So, to me, I've spent like a good chunk of the weekend trying to understand what is going on in the minds of those who are behind this policy. And I think we should just talk a little bit about what the White House is is trying to do. Um, and then we can get into the merits and we can get into what the long-term impact uh might might be. So, I think the first thing that they're trying to do, I'll diagnose the problem, then we can go into some of the solutions. The first thing that they're trying to do is basically seems like they're trying to rearrange uh the economy. So, this is from Finshots. uh Finchots, this article says, "Past economic policies favored the top 10% of of Americans or those wealthy enough to fuel spending and drive consumptions, but the bottom 50% haven't gained much." So, while everything might look great on paper, in reality, half of America could still be struggling. And so, what it seems uh like they're doing right now is is they're trying to change the United States from a consumption economy to a production economy. and they don't really care, it seems, at least in the time being, what it does to the stock market. This was Secretary uh Tre Treasury Secretary Scott Bessant on Tucker Carlson this past week. The top 10% of Americans own 88% of equities, 88% of the stock market. The next 40% own 12% of the stock market. The bottom 50 has debt. So what they're trying to do is basically rearrange the system that has been brought about by global trade uh and try to make it fairer for the for more people in the United States. Um what do you think about that perspective, Ryan? Do they have a point? Sounds good. I guess the the problem, you know, is where rubber hits the road and what's in reality, you know, the global free. There's there's a million arguments for why manufacturing would be good be great. We could do more manufacturing. Uh the reality, however, is that manufacturing requires inputs that may come from other countries, machinery that comes from other countries. We're a, you know, behaving a little bit like a guy who's hasn't been to the gym for 40 years and says, "Hey, I got to get in shape." The doctor says, "You got to get in shape." It's obvious, yeah, you have to get in shape. Start going to the gym. But you don't go there and start deadlifting 600 lb and trying to run a marathon on the treadmill. You might you might die. Like you got to ease into these things and and kind of such a shock makes it very very difficult to adapt. Um, so that's for one is just like the way this is implemented is is probably going to be unsuccessful. But on top of that, we just know from there it's like very clear economic theory that globalization that free trade benefits both parties. You don't engage in it if you can't. If anything, the thing that's caused problems in the US is our status as the world's reserve currency, which has allowed us to be rich. Uh, allowed it's made demand for our currency much higher than it would be otherwise. countries that kind of have to buy our currency. That makes Americans much richer. It makes it easy to buy goods from other places. And uh it's sort of an awesome thing that we get to be rich for it, but it does have its second order consequences that manufacturing doesn't make sense if you can buy stuff from other countries that's so much cheaper. Maybe tariffs are the path around that. But the reality is, having talked to a bunch of companies that are in active active planning mode on building factories, they've actually paused that right now because all of a sudden the machines that they have to buy are going to cost 20 to 50% more depending on where they're being sourced. And they just the economics don't work anymore. And you know, it'll take time for the you have to also have that machine made in America. Okay. But like if it's not, what do you do? You have to stop your plan to manufacture. So, okay, it can go on and on about about this. I'm I'm very firmly anti-tariff. It's bad for my business. So, you know, I'm selling my own book again, but uh there's plenty of economic theory from Milton Friedman onward to just show you Adam Smith, everybody else is show why free trade is benefiting both sides. Yeah. But okay, here's here's what the argu I'm going to just try to channel Besson here. At least we should have his perspective represented. So what he says is that the United States basically the economy has grown into this consumption economy. Uh they're addicted to Americans are addicted to cheap goods. We're cluttering our homes with stuff from Amazon and you know while we're buying we're not producing anymore. What do you think about that? Yeah. I mean I hope that they're factoring in the export of digital services, financial services. You know, Netflix, for example, generates 60% of its revenue internationally of 33 billion of revenue. Like, if you're not counting all the Netflix exceptions in these other countries, you're not actually modeling the modern economy and the and the trade balances. I mean, that's ultimately trade. They're buying our services. So, I don't know how they're doing it. If they're just doing physical goods, I think you're coming up short. You know, Cambodian's probably not going to buy a lot of American manufactured goods, but I bet you they pay for some Facebook and Google ads and Tinder boosts and some other stuff. So, you know, the American economy is much different than it's not some like Charles Dickens industrial world like we we have very advanced services that uh services economy and if you're not factoring that in, I think you're going to get the model wrong. Yeah, it is interesting how tech has been uh both I think maybe not accounted for enough by the administration here and then also like firmly in the crosshairs of the countries that are thinking about retaliating. We're going to get into it in a moment, but since you brought it up, I mean, one of the things that's Europe is considering for instance to retaliate is to uh provide uh greater restrictions for American technology uh that is coming into the continent and not going one for one necessarily on production, but trying to get the digital services uh to feel the pain. Um, I'm curious if you think that's going to be effective and what you think it means for the uh tech CEOs that basically um celebrated Trump's inauguration and sat there basically closer than uh the Vances. Yeah, it'll be very interesting. You know, even Elon's kind of distancing himself on the tariff issue. He's been posting Milton Friedman videos and saying, you know, being he's he's quite anti- tariff and pro- free trade. Um, so I do think you're going to see a split. I've seen it amongst my friends who who supported this administration and then are now really I don't know that they're willing to turn against the administration, but they're certainly against the the tariff policy and how it's been implemented. And it feels a lot like central planning. It feels a lot like um sort of putting your head in the ground and imposing things that just don't have any ground in economic theory. And the tech industry will be the natural place to target. It's our best industry, our best companies. And if you wanted to retaliate against America, that would be the place to hit. So hopefully hopefully I think I do have some confidence that this will get resolved. There was this rumor earlier today. I think we're going to drop this today, but uh earlier on Monday where it said that uh they had agreed to a 90-day pause. Yeah. Turn out to be false, but it said the S&P surging and NASDAQ. Um I I believe there will be deals cut. I don't know if in time to pause the tariffs alto together but um and I believe that because a cabinet secretary told me that there would be a a p a negotiation I should say not a pause but he said the two weeks ago that this was the start and not the end of the uh of the process that they want to send a message to the world's countries that they mean business that America's in his words tired of being taken advantage of but um and then they expect companies to come to the ta countries to come to the table and we've seen that now over the weekend they announced that 50 different countries have come to try to negotiate. The EU just said they would take tariffs to zero uh to get a deal done. So if so is India I mean these are countries that have had pretty high barriers to US goods. Now tariffs aren't the main complaint. If you listen to I do recommend people watch the administration's um you know content that they're putting out. I thought Lighheiser's video uh recording with Tucker Carlson, he did a pretty good job of making his case or at least so you can understand what the case is. Um and their argument is really it's not just the tariffs that these other countries put up, but it's the non-tariff barriers, industrial policies, subsidized credit, straight up manufacturing subsidies. They get free land or free buildings. Um they get uh they may get repressed organized labor. That was a big part, you know, in Korea's rise. They made the six day work week mandatory and banned labor unions and you know and environmental laws. They don't we have much stricter environmental laws. So there's all these other things that they're saying hey these are making America uncompetitive that and the and our retaliation against that is tariffs and and so it's not just that they're trying to get equal tariffs. That's why they have these reciprocal tariffs that were have nothing to do with the actual tariffs these people charge us. Uh and that's um a bit of what they were getting at even if in fact it was implemented with a really silly formula that had nothing to do with that even. So yeah. Okay. So that's really interesting. So it's both the attempt and I'm just like we have to try to unpack the intent here to sort of understand what's happening. I feel it seem like a lot of analysis that has just been like this is crazy and you know look maybe it's not advisable but I think it's worth an exercise of trying to figure out what they're trying to do. So the intent seems to be both to bring manufacturing back into the United States in some way uh and then also for US exporters to try to get them on more fair footing so that they're able to export their goods. I mean there might not be a huge market in Cambodia but there certainly is in Europe that well so I think there's at least four things that they want to achieve with this. Um, one we've already gotten to a little bit is, hey, they'd like to negotiate lower barriers, including tariff, but all these other barriers that I just mentioned, so that US exporters can be more successful. Two, they'd like to have manufacturing in the United States as a really, it's a national security thing that in a time of war, you know, your car manufacturers become your tank manufacturers and and and and everything else down the chain. So, if we don't have manufacturing capacity, that is a national security threat to us. Um third is we have a massive debt crisis in this country and they would like to raise revenue. You know these tariffs would be very significant um generator of revenue if if nothing changes. Um and uh and then there's something too like culturally they want to see us be a country that makes things and and there's some element of that that in all of this that they don't want to see us be uh I don't know you don't want to be that what's that robot movie Wall-E. Well, these like fat people just cruising around outer space and don't know how to make anything or do anything like they don't I don't think that's the future we want for our country. I mean then why why do you think that this is a bad idea? I mean you just outlined their plan pretty well. I mean I can got understand if you can't this is like a good rule in life is like don't argue with anybody unless you can state their position more clearly than you can. Yes. And that's what we're trying to do here. So what would your counter argument I mean Ryan go ahead. You can debate the administration that you just sort of put their their perspective out. what's why would you uh oppose what they're trying to do? I mean these seems like they seem like at least in the intent good goals. Yeah. Um I think there are those those are all reasonable things. The you know the the short of it is again our modern economy mo you look at how a Boeing airplane is made and you know some people have published some infographics of these there are parts coming from all over the world and that is an optimized supply chain. It's a complex system. We don't work in this simple centrally planned model like the these there's a very complex dynamic system and and you have this sort of fundamental principle of don't mess with things you can't understand and nobody understands this like across the broader economy. I mean I bet you there's no one even at Boeing who understands all the details of where all these things come from. It's a complex system that has evolved and been put into place um through a many year process. And if you overnight try to upat that and say, "Oh, no. I need you to do it this way." Like the reality is those manufacturer, those component manufacturers, parts manufacturers are not in the United States. You cannot source it. And so all you're going to do is jack up the price of manufacturing the airplane or anything else and actually hurt the manufacturing like you, you know, you're you're hurting your own stated goals. Uh would be the simplest way to refute this. um to say nothing of you know actually uh President Mle in Argentina has made some very he's a free market economist if there ever was one and he's and he's put some some very clear uh and he's dealt with the exact same things in Argentina where he's been bringing down trade barriers and those those trade barriers may protect American jobs. Um now in our case these jobs have already left and we're trying to bring them back. So that's a different argument but when there are trade barriers they may protect the job. So, let's say um you you have a product, your local company can produce the thing for $600 and they can produce it in Cambodia for $200. So, you say, "Okay, let's put up tariffs to make the Cambodian product cost $610, so everyone has to buy ours in the US." Well, that extra $400 that consumers had to spend on the local thing, they would have spent on other stuff. they would have gone to buy uh travel services, hotels, other goods from other companies and and that money doesn't get circulated and generate growth and demand for other things and and or just end up in their savings account to pay for their kids' college. I mean, so you know, we don't live in this simple world that where it can be centrally planned. The Soviets tried this. It's a disaster. You know, don't forget the images of Boris Yeltson coming to the United States, looking at our grocery stores and and having his mind blown by all of the the choice available through the free market. So, it's very dangerous to play with systems that you don't understand. Okay. One more thing I want to talk about with the plan and then we can sort of move on to whether this will stick and what the impacts are even if it's rolled back now. But I want to ask you this one more thing which is that there's also a conversation about this being about refinancing the debt. So the US has $34 trillion in debt. 7 trillion of that needs refinancing soon. Uh interest rates recently hit 4.8%. The idea is to drive down the interest rates uh you know basically by uh killing the stock market and therefore saving billions by refinancing the debt. What do you think about that plan? It's kind of genius. I don't think I don't know. I mean it sounds a little crazy, but I do think we we have a massive debt crisis. Like I acknowledge that. Uh, and on some level you're a Ponzi scheme if you just keep spending more than you take in over a long enough period of time and and it's compounding. We're now at the point where, you know, entitlements plus interest payments is 100% of the tax revenue and our taxes are already pretty high. So that's crazy. That is actually crazy. Yeah. Yeah. Um, so you have you do have a debt problem and tariffs will help with that if it you know, so you either have to raise income taxes, cut spending or Yeah. raise taxes or cut spending and tariffs are a form of the taxes. So, I'm not I'm not saying you have to have zero tariffs and there's there I do acknowledge the points that they have around industrial policy of these other countries and I'd like to see them use these tariffs to negotiate, you know, free trade agreements around the world and and reduction of other types of subsidies for their local companies and other things. So, all of that's valid. Um, I'd like to see government I like what they're doing at Doge. Uh, I'd like to see more cuts to waste in government. Uh, I don't know if they can cut a trillion dollars. And their plan was to cut, you have two trillion dollar deficit. So, the plan was to cut a trillion of spending and increase GDP enough that taxes go up by a trillion taxes or tariffs. And we'll see if now that second half of that sentence seems at risk. I don't know that they're going to get GDP increases at least in the short term. Right. So, we we're looking now at these tariffs. So 10% tariff across the board went into play over the weekend. Now we're going to see another all the bigger tariffs like the extra 34% on China that's supposed to go into play on April 9th which is Wednesday. So Ryan, do you see what's going to happen next is basically the administration has announced these tariffs and now they're going to go try to negotiate with the other all the countries on the list maybe except the Penguin Island uh to try to figure out like what an appropriate working relationship would be and whether to actually keep those in place or lower them. Is that what the next week looks like? I think I I would give it like 70% chance that that's what's going to happen. Not not within the two-day, you know, they didn't give themselves a lot of time to negotiate these deals. So, it may go live and then be undone. Now, remember, it's um it's they did it April 9th based on when the vessel departs at origin. So, the actual that's when the clock starts, but the duties will be paid. These tariffs get paid when the vessel arrives. So you got, you know, another couple weeks uh before that so to potentially to to avoid these tariffs actually hitting. Um I I I give it like a 70% confidence level that they negotiate some deals. I think the China tariffs probably stick. Um and I I suspect what they're actually asking for from these countries is for them to put their own similar barriers tariff uh and otherwise against Chinese trade and say, "Hey, take two sides here. take the US side or the Chinese side have it both ways. I suspect that that's a big part of the negotiation that's going to go down with the EU and some other countries. Um, and I don't know how amendable people will be. I think a lot of countries rather, if you're forced to make that decision, you might rather have access to all the great manufactured products coming out of China. Yeah. Cutting China off is not a like a simple ask. I mean, they do make so much of the stuff around the globe, especially for like developing world. Like if you don't have a car industry native in your country, you got to get these Chinese cars. They're so freaking good. They're so far ahead of anything that the the West or even Japan and Korea are making that like if you're in Africa, you'd rather have some $10,000 amazing brand new Chinese car than you would America. Well, I don't know. It's a good trade. It's a good question for them. You'd rather have an American military base protecting you or uh or Chinese cars? I'm pretty sure if if what you're saying is is accurate that that is the exact trade-off that they're all going to be considering this week, which is wild. I don't you know, again, these are just like my intuitions. I've got a little bit of conversation with some administration folks, but I I don't really know how it's going to play out at all. Okay, so now the question is, all right, let's say this negotiation period does happen, the 70% uh you know, possibility it plays out. Uh then what are the risks? because uh we've already seen the markets fall. They've down the S&P 500's down 15% this year. It was slightly in the green when we started this conversation around what was probably a rumor that there was going to be a 90-day pause. Uh now it's back down again. So, who knows? But the markets are crashing. Um and this is from Brad Gerson. The danger with shock therapy approaches and complex systems. It's impossible to model the negative reflexivity. Ben Thompson also writes, "The current economic system, flawed the way we may now recognize it to be, is a complex system built over decades. One ought to be very wary in remaking complex systems in a top- down manner. There's a reason that new economic systems usually arise after major wars. It's easier to build something new after the old thing has been destroyed. So what are the risks? Even if the US negotiates lots of deals that put them in a better position to export and maybe bring some manufacturing back home, uh what are the risks that this could do long-term damage and have unintended consequences? I mean, there's massive risk here is uh these the tariffs. I mean, take for example Flexport's customer base where on we're one of the largest logistics providers in in the world and we did on Friday a call down for I mean we didn't get in touch with all of our customers but we called a lot of customers on Friday and they 28% of them told us that they're pausing all their ocean freight. All their bookings are paused. Uh that's a massive I mean I don't think I don't want to read too much into that because it's a catastrophe if it holds. A lot of what's happened is these folks knew about April 2nd deadline for the last few months and pre-ordered and they've they're well stocked on inventory and they you know they brought it in beforehand when the tariffs were lower. So that's a lot of it. The other the other half is they're expecting like I am that some of these countries will have deals cut and the tariffs may come down. So that said if it holds I mean you can already see it from day one that's that's massive. Business models are at risk. um merchants on ecom, the ones that we track of our customers have raised prices of five to 10 percent already to the consumer already already. Um and so you're going to see even more of that as these price as these actual tariffs flow through the system and start getting paid and cost of goods sold goes up. So you'll have inflation. Um and yeah, I don't know, maybe interest, you know, the easiest way to balance trade is to have nobody trade with anybody. So, they might achieve their goals, but it's going to make everybody a lot poorer. Uh, let's say they say, "Just kidding." Is there going to be stuff that's happened over the past week that is already irreversible? Yeah. Psychologically, some lack of confidence and um perhaps, but at this point, you still have some time. It hasn't even taken hold yet. So, and I don't I don't think, you know, they didn't give themselves enough time. So, they could say, "Okay, let's we're not we're going to pause." I I thought the thing this morning was part of the reason it went so viral is it was credible. It would be like that would be a sensible thing, a smart thing to do. Yeah. Give ourselves a 90day pause uh and then negotiate some deals and then you can come out of this looking like you got to win. Oh, actually we wanted more free trade with Europe and now you know we got them to drop these barriers and that's a big win. Um so there's still time for that but every day that goes by becomes a lot more difficult. And if you just look, you know, the role of government is to set the rules and define those and then business got to find a way to make money. So even if these tariffs hold, it's like, okay, cool. Your job as a business person doesn't change much. Still the same as it was before. Go find a way to make some money given the the rules of the game. The challenge becomes when the rules are constantly changing. And they're constantly changing right now by this administration. Every couple days or weeks there's new interpretation, new new rules, new stuff coming down the pipeline. We have on April 17th, no one's talking about it right now, but they're in 10 days they're going to impose fees on ships made in China when they make a port call in the US. It's going to totally rearrange the shipping networks and make ocean freight incredibly unreliable. Um, so number one, that's coming down the pipeline. So the rules are changing constantly, and that's true with this administration, but it also we have to assume that there's going to be another administration this party or back to the Democrats. Who knows? But four years from now and in two years you have the midterms. Remember that under the Constitution the president does not control the tariffs. Congress does. The only reason he's able to put these tariffs in is because of acts of Congress where they delegated powers to the president under a national emergency. So he declared an emergency when doing this. Well, Congress has the power to overrule that. But right now it's a Republican controlled Congress. So if he loses the Congress in the midterms, which if all this holds, like he probably he might. I'm not an analyst of politics by any means, but look at the market. He loses control of Congress, he no longer has control of the tariffs. And so if you're a business person going, "How do I plan for this? Am I going to set up my manufacturing in a world where everything could change in two years?" Like, no, you can't. So, but do you think that the businesses are basically going to wait it out? I mean from the c you spoke to so many of your customers and a lot of them are pausing but do you think it's probably just them saying listen this is not going to last forever because congress could shift or the president I'm not reading too much into the pausing I think it's a few weeks and then we'll start but broadly what are your customers saying about that businesses will have to pass through the higher price the tariffs are are that high they will have to raise prices we're already seeing that prices are going to go up even more uh and then the demand for their products will fall you know we just know that that's economics 101 want if you charge more, people buy less. And then it'll shift consumption patterns to things that are yeah, made in America or even if it's just like not a manufactured good made in America, you you got this you can spend your dollar at a restaurant or, you know, get a massage, go travel to a hotel, like there's other things that you'll spend your money on. Um, and that will put these businesses at risk and many of them are manufacturers. You know the other thing that's happened I was with one of our customers that does I was at their factory a few weeks ago and they said that this is an American company manufacturers in Los Angeles and they said that demand for their products in Canada and in Europe has fallen off a cliff because of sentiment about America and so you're like even American manufacturer who should benefit from all of this is seeing that it's hurting them. Yeah. I guess if you try to rearrange the whole global trade system and you take down all your export barriers and people say actually we don't really like Americans. We're not going to consume your products anymore. Then you've basically gone behind even if you've won. We'll see. We'll see. Complex. It is. So just reading through what you're saying, there is no going back at this like like basically you can't wait it out. This is going to lead to price increases. No. and and companies will not be able to say we're just going to like basically wait till the cong next Congress comes or the next administration. They're going to have to all deal with it. You you know I met with a customer had dinner with a customer two nights ago and $150 $150 million is what they spend on their product business uh enterprise electronics $150 million of cost a year and that's going up to 185. So it's an extra $35 million. I don't I don't even know if they make 35 million in profit. I doubt it. So there just literally they have to raise prices for their products. So you think inflation, we're going to see inflation. Yeah. Yeah. You're going to see inflation. Now the of the goods that are imported for 100% certain um the US relies on imports less than almost any country in the world we're you know we think it for manufactured goods sure like on all the trinkets and Amazon goods and stuff are manufactured abroad but as a as an economy it's only 14% of our GDP is imports um so that part of the economy is going to have inflation energyy's coming down right they that's what they're celebrating right now the price of oil's down 15% in the last few weeks. Um price of housing might come down if interest rates fall. There's other there's other factors beyond that. Um so it it's it's a it's hard to say that there'll be like I'm not a macroeconomist by any means, but the price of imported goods will definitely go up. Okay, let's talk quickly about what's going on with tech. Um, first thing that we should talk about is this dimminimous loophole has been closed. That is the way to basically get a package of some goods from Shien or Timu ship from China and not have to pay duties on them. So that's going away. So I'm curious um hasn't closed yet. You have until May 2nd to buy as much of that stuff as you can duty-free. So how do you see that impacting your clients and what do you think it means for Shien and Timu? Um, well, we fly a lot of e-commerce parcels in on our aircraft. We have 3747s that fly. Uh, there's a lot of e-commerce parcels flying in those planes every week. So, definitely a big impact. Uh, it's going to crash the price of air freight would be my prediction. Um, I think it's possible. I don't want to speak to those companies in specific, but the model generally the uh of ecom parcels flying in from Asia. you know, the the tariffs is one big part of their advantage that not paying going duty-free, but there's uh several others. You know, not having to pay for expensive US real estate for warehousing, uh expensive labor on warehousing. They're doing that at origin. Less working capital, so the the goods just like sort of just in time. You don't have as much inventory sitting there, not earning a return while it travels across the ocean or sits in a warehouse. their last mile costs are lower because they're flying the plane into the local region instead of trucking it instead of going to a port and then trucking it across the country. Uh so there's a few other advantages that and then you know their cost of goods. Remember these duties are on the cost not on the final price, right? And a lot of these companies are just like really good at sourcing goods very cheaply uh in a way that may overcome it. So I I I uh it remains to be seen, but my suspicion from having analyzed a few of these and working with them is that the companies will keep keep going and just have to pay the duties. Yeah. And bigger picture tech has been hit hardest uh out of everyone here. We have like the entire Magnificent 7 is in correction territory. No, bare market territory 20% down or more. Why do you think tech has been penalized like this? I don't know. I'm not I'm certainly no Wall Street analyst. I I only own one one stock and that's okay. But I I'll break it down for you. I mean, but so we talked a little bit about shipping, right? So that's probably going to hit Amazon as well. Um they import like the increased cost of goods coming in from China. Then you have advertising, right? I mean Meta, Google, Amazon, they all make a lot of money for company from companies advertising Chinese goods. So that will take a hit. Data center construction, right? I guess everywhere you look somewhere in tech, there's there's a risk. And then what we talked about previously just like the EU uh potentially saying okay we'll let your stuff come in but we're going to tax your or continue to regulate your tech services highly like is that the vibe that you get in Silicon Valley from tech CEOs that it's just everywhere you look there's there's a challenge. I don't know you know I mean I feel it's feels a little misguided to me. I think the tech sector is one that's going to keep dominating and keep growing there. it shouldn't be that affected by by tariffs. But yeah, maybe the retaliation is that bad from other countries or um or something else that that I don't quite understand. But I would expect things like Walmart to go way down more than than the tax actor era. Yeah. So, okay, let's just talk before we leave big picture. Uh what do you think the big picture on what's going to come next uh is going to be? And then again, just like let's talk about um what are the long-term uh impacts that this is going to happen? like what are some things you can't put back in the bottle once this gets going? Shortterm there's going to be a lot a goods recession for sure. I mean there'll be less goods sold because prices will be higher um there will be in the ocean freight markets. I predict that the price of ocean freight is going to fall really sharply um to levels we haven't seen since probably a decade 2016 it was very very cheap. Uh we were talking last time 2,000 per container. 2000's like the long run historical average. 2016 it went down to about 900 and I think we might get there. Um around the marginal cost of shipping an extra container and the marginal cost is really low. I mean the only reason it's not 200 is because of the the labor cost, the union cost to unload the containers at the port. Um but so I think it would I think it would drop really really far. Um, there's that to look forward to, but it won't, you know, there's 100,000 of goods in a container. So, you know, you're saving a thousand bucks on the ocean freight, but you're spending $46,000 on the duties. It's not it's not going to save you're not going to help your business that much. Um, but I think that's very relevant for our business, obviously, and we've got to have a strategy to go take market share uh by passing through low cost of ocean freight. So, if you're out there, you're buying ocean freight, come to Flexport later this year for cheap ocean freight. I expect we'll have it. Um I think longer term you know I take the really long view is if you look at the graph of global trade for the last 800 years you've had 4% annual growth that goes back to the Mongol invasions which disrupted things a little bit but then after that it was just like up and to the right but there are definitely blips you know in that period you had the black death you had you know the 30 years war you've had wars between the Ottomans and the Venetians, you've had the age of discovery, you had World War I and two. All of those things look like little blips that you barely notice when you look at the four what what 4% exponential growth does. It looks like a vertical line going straight up. And so you're you fast forward 10 years from now, I think all of the I think there'll be more trade. I have pretty strong conviction there'll be more trade, not less. Um because it's just fundamentally both sides are made better off. People want to do it and there's always going to be governments that have reasons to restrict these things. Uh but we live in a democracy and so governments maybe get voted out if they do things that people don't like. Right? Okay. We started on globalization. Let's end on globalization. Again, Scott Bessant just listening to what he was talking about over the weekend. He said, "Last year more Americans went uh on European vacations than ever before. Also, more Americans went to bread lines than ever before." I think that this idea that when you have free trade, everybody wins. uh maybe sometimes leaves out the fact that you know it can create bigger winners uh and bigger losers and on um certain sides when it plays out. I'm curious if I'm reading what you're saying right that that's a problem to address but these set of policies in the big picture uh aren't going to get it done. Yeah. Like I'm glad that they're looking out for working people and and the bottom 50% and I I mean I kind of agree with the the the diagnosis. I just don't agree with the solution. I think have access to lowcost goods is very good for poor people. Like the idea that, you know, and you're going to centrally plan their way into something uh something else is a little crazy. Um so I shouldn't say crazy. I just think their strategies are off. And but uh you know, he also admits they don't exactly know. They're going to try some things and what was happening before doesn't work. I basically agree with that. You can't have$2 trillion dollars of debt in perpetuity. it just compounds and escalates and some point you declare bankruptcy. Um and the reserve currency status of the United States is perhaps the biggest uh problem the cause the biggest cause of these problems is also the biggest beneficiary to the biggest cause of the the great wealth of this country is the fact that we're the reserve currency. But kind of if you're just makes you rich uh makes people like maybe too rich without having to work hard. you just get to be extremely wealthy because everybody needs your currency. And so you look at the US G, we forget how rich we are. The US GDP per capita is like double of most of the countries that we think of as rich like Japan and France. Like we're twice as rich per person as they are. Uh and some of that's caused by the currency rather than just how productive we are and how great our geography is. Yeah. Well, Ryan, appreciate you coming on and explaining all this, taking a look at the actual policies, giving an explanation of what they might do, what the intent is, where you see the problems, and then the long-term uh potential consequences for our economy. You did a great webinar, like you mentioned, um, and I will link that in the show notes for anyone that wants to go take a little bit, uh, deeper look. It's called Liberation Day: Tariffs and Trade Impacts, what we know, and where we go from here. It's a really great session. I recommend everybody check it out. Ryan, it's always great to see you. Thank you for coming on the show. Yeah, I appreciate that. Thanks for having me back. All right, thanks everybody for listening. We're going to take a quick break and be back right after this with Adam Parker from Tvariat Research to talk about the stock implications on big tech. Back right after this.