Robinhood CEO Vlad Tenev on Dumb Money, Day Trading, and Retirement
Channel: Alex Kantrowitz
Published at: 2024-01-31
YouTube video id: ZmUB_bstySc
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZmUB_bstySc
CEO and co-founder of Robin Hood joins us to talk about what happened to the mem stock investors after the memes and how his company is positioned against traditional financial institutions all that and more coming up right after this welcome to Big technology podcast a show for cool-headed nuance conversation of the tech world and Beyond we have an amazing guest for you today uh Vlad tenv is here he's the CEO and co-founder of Robin Hood obviously a company that has a lot of intrigue and plenty of brand new products that you may or may not know about so we're going to talk about that all today with you um here we're going to also talk about the state of the market and of course how robinhood's customers have evolved Vlad welcome to the show great to see you thanks for having me thanks for being here I'm kind of curious like you've had a lot of the investors that were investing in GameStop part of that memestop craze um how did they evolve as investors because I imagine they stayed on the platform afterwards so what can you tell us about that yeah um I mean even before GameStop and I should say there were so many things about you know Co era that was extraordinary um one of them being just everything came together to make it really attractive for for people to invest in stocks and and cryptocurrencies all at the same time right interest rates going down to zero uh stimulus hitting the market um and sort of like lack of other means for people to spend their disposable income so you saw savings growing through the roof um and you know in the years after covid when um sort of the the economy and Society digested all of that you saw a a sharp correction so interest rates instead started seeing the the highest ramp in several decades you're seeing savings being being depleted and you're seeing um sort of like movement away from more speculative Investments and and cryptocurrencies and I think uh our Focus has always been on making sure we serve the customers and give them the best tools no matter what market conditions are I mean we we've been known for our trading products and the way we serve active Traders but if you look at what Robin Hood's really been investing in over the past few years even from preco um we've rolled out retirement products uh where we offer uh the first and only built-in match uh on the market and you're seeing that you know continuing to resonate we have our gold offering with high yield on uninvested cash where you can actually benefit as a customer from rates going up I mean historically rates going up was considered a prime opportunity for banks to pad their bottom lines because if you have a traditional checking account or a savings account in a large bank or or other financial institution you're used to getting under 1% low singled digigit basis points and we've kind of turned that model on its head where if you're a Robin Hood gold customer you're getting a very competitive rate on your cash and so I think you've seen Robin Hood evolve with our customers in the same way that our customers have been interested in a broader variety of things earning earning more interest on their cash investing for retirement um increasing their time Horizon I think the company is evolved and has sort of like transformed our business model our service model the way we serve our customers to make sure that we're even more relevant and even more important to our customers holistic Financial lives and and the way they think about building their wealth yeah and we're going to talk about all that as we go through this conversation but one of the things that happened in this in the mem stock craze was a lot of investors who never bought a stock they entered and they entered through Robin Hood right and so like that's what my question is gearing at like of course the market has incentivized different behaviors but you've seen it happen like you've seen these people come in and become Traders for the first time in their lives by the way probably at a younger age than most people do so get exposure to the market have they now moved Beyond doing some of the day trading that they were doing in the beginning and maybe this like yoloing the money and of course like you've built the products that have incentivized making what I would say are smarter decisions financially have they followed suit like have they actually said okay have like have you seen customers who got in and said I'm going to buy a share of GameStop and are now investing in you know ETFs and retirement things like that like what is the behavior path been for them yeah uh absolutely I mean we've seen uh in many many cases customers coming in through buying a individual stock or or even buying a cryptocurrency and they kind of um see the potential of building their wealth and then they see all the things that we're offering particularly you know with with the gold offer what what we see and what we've kind of been trying to your premium service that you pay what $6.99 a month and you can get some added benefits yeah so it's a it's a premium uh service it's like um a membership and the way I kind of think about gold is you know if if you um you can get some of these benefits that we offer like high yield on cash um low commission on on trades of course for us it's no commission but if if you're a highet worth individual at a bank you can get a lot of these similar types of benefits for example if you're a Chase Private Client customer or private wealth management customer and they select for this group of customers based on their wealth right you have to hit a threshold of several million dollars of net worth in some cases even more and then you can actually earn some interest on your cash and you get a dedicated person to talk to you can get access to like premium products institutional grade money market funds and and a higher level of service um and the way I kind of think about Robin Hood gold is we can offer that to everyone we can democratize it and it's not free but it'll just cost a a a very small monthly subscription fee to to be part of that membership experience right and I mean like you guys are building retirement products um I see you can even buy like you know fractional shares of of broad range ETFs on the platform by the way like I am one of Robin Hood's newest uh customers or users I just signed in uh last night and began option trading today so it's my first option trades that I've made so um but I've also bought atfs and started with the retirement products so I feel like that was like a pretty interesting experience I can help ground this conversation and I'll they'll definitely give you some product feedback if you want um but I guess like it sounds like from everything that you're saying that people came into Robin Hood in this mem stock moment but started to you know end up doing more traditional investing you know smarter investing as it would be would be called does that sound right to you well I would say you know Robin Hood has 23 plus million customers right so it's it's hard to say that you know each of them behave the same way we have lots of different customers that come in for various reasons I mean you look at that number 23 million that's yeah didn't all come in through that but like here's here's like why I'm bringing it up is because in that moment you had so many young people that were starting to trade for the first time and there was a lot of scorning I think from you know the traditional Financial establishment a because of course they were going after a hedge fund but B because they called them the dumb money right I mean name of the movie right dumb money but it's also just like these people got exposure to the financial system so much earlier than a lot of people and it was great to like even make some mistakes early on and then you start to learn and you start to have strategies where you can then start to build your wealth and it seems like that's what happened to a lot of them and that's what you're providing I agree with that and that that's really the thing that bothers me most about that movie is this idea that retail investors are are dumb money I I find that condescending and and offensive so you know uh a lot of people ask me what I think about that movie it's like the the title itself just perpetuates this type of stereotype that I think is very very harmful and I think that's a big part of why not a lot of people saw it because you know who wants to see a movie that's sort of like making fun of even if it is ironic in some way making fun of uh uh making fun of you as a retail investor it's interesting because I would say that that having watched it it seems like it actually has a much more flattering portrayal of the quote unquote dumb money than I think was largely had in the popular conversation showing that they're smarter than they so many people are just gonna look at the title EXA make their decision you know I think you're right like if you actually sit down and parse it and look at it it is you know sort of like a glorifying take on on the retail investor and I think um that part is good but you know it's sort of under this Baner of condescension that uh that I think just pervades the financial industry well I think a lot of that condion comes from and this kind of goes to like the core of the way that Robin Hood initially built momentum was with active Traders right like it's popular to say that day Traders tend to like 95% of day Traders tend to lose money where if you like Park your money and in passive ETFs you're going to do well over time I'm kind of curious what you think about that well I think there's there's two things first of all if you think about uh a Robin Hood product and this goes to our active trading products but but really it's uh consistent with Robin Hood gold and our high yield product and retirement as well there's really two things that I think distinguish us and make the products interesting in the marketplace one is the cost like any Robin Hood product we look into how we can use technology techology and good engineering to dramatically increase the Automation and put more money back in customers pockets and of course that originated with zero commission trading with no account minimums it used to cost 7 to10 do every time you place a transaction and so we we we were able to do that but that's not enough for a Robin Hood product the other thing is the user experience it has to be extremely simple and easy to use and you know we became the First Financial services company to win Design Awards for our work you don't really think about good user centered design and experience when you think about a financial product and I think Robin Hood really changed that and so when you think about our trading products really the idea initially was by by introducing these two things low cost and exceptional uh quality and craftsmanship and design we would actually make it more approachable to people that had historically been left behind and that's um younger folks who don't have a family wealth manager that can just sort of like take their account uh these people were largely being pushed away by the traditional Financial system until they were in a position where they had much more assets and and a nest egg and they were getting closer to retirement so we just got them much earlier like in their early 20s as opposed to early 40s um and that was in large part due to the low cost low barrier to entry and user experience and and what we ended up seeing was that it actually not only appeal to people doing it for the first time but let's say you're an active Trader you're trading equities and options at a discount Legacy broker and you're being charged $7 every trade now of a sudden you're like wait a minute you know the these guys here are letting their customers trade as essentially commission free um the the value prop there is so strong why can't I get that and of course we saw all of these more experienced investors coming into the platform and and using it and I think that's what ultimately led to um sort of our model becoming the dominant industry model and everyone else having to replicate it and a huge wave of consolidation like you're seeing now with Schwab and TDM a trade and Morgan Stanley and trade where you know a lot of these big competitors that were under the Legacy brick and mortar models and they they couldn't compete in the New World um couldn't survive as Standalone entities so um I I let me go back then to the question right yeah which yeah which is if if 95% of people who day trade lose like why would someone do it well I think these statistics are are always a little bit tough and I'll tell you why I mean people cite these studies that um that that you know day Traders lose money and all these things but those studies a lot of them were from the 90s or earlier and you see the dominant Factor being commissions it's like oh they're they're trading a lot and so the commissions are eating up like nearly all of the returns and now you know we remove commissions the entire study basically needs to be uh needs to be sort of like revalidated but I think that the the broader point is since we're a self-directed platform like I would think about Robin Hood as a tool Builder like we're providing these tools and may maybe in the same way as a ma a major national Securities Exchange like if you're the NASDAQ or or the NY you know you're providing an interface you're providing Market access we happen to do that for for for retail but uh the industry has strict separation between people that provide these tools as Brokers and then investment advisers that are actually trying to influence and determine what their customers uh invest in and so as an impartial tool Builder our goal is to provide a reliable service make sure that you know uptime reliability user experience is good lower the costs of transacting and in doing so we enable lots of different activities of course there's like activities that are active trading and more speculative and then there's the retirement and wealth building stuff all all on that platform and infrastructure and since we're not uh a registered investment advisor we actually have to stay away from like recommending particular stocks or investment strategies um and you know I have my own personal opinions for what the best way to invest in and right what stocks to buy but I can't really influence platform decisions at all Bas based on those exactly I will tell you though that one of the things that's been really interesting over the past year is um if you look at all these forums that um sort of celebrate passive investing like r/ bogleheads for example or r/ investing um you're seeing Robin Hood mentioned more and more in these forums it in a way where maybe two or three years ago um it would be dismissed and it's because people are looking at the value props of these retirement matches and uh and they're kind of seeing they're saying that Robin Hood is the best place to have quote unquote lazy portfolio so even if you're just putting money there and you're going to set and forget it it's actually a great place for for portfolio building and I think you're seeing the brand perception change as we're adding all these tools um and you know I I'd love nothing more than to be the company that did for uh long-term retirement savings and Investments what we did for um you know Meme stocks and and and more more active trading um I think we've got some headwinds there because I mean as as a media person yourself um the stories about people investing in B Bor boring sort of like long-term uh uh retirement don't tend to be the most compelling stories to tell right everyone wants to you know everyone's talking about the relatively small number of people that are trading actively and you know doing more speculative activity and I don't think too many of the stories about you know the folks that are stashing money away slowly over long periods of time and doing sensible things get told as much even though you actually see that being uh a much larger group of people and a much higher percentage of the the overall activity I don't know Vlad I mean you're here and we're going to talk about those boring stash it away type of fund so um you know I definitely think it's worth giving air time to and it was interesting for me opening up a retirement account on Robin Hood last night just going through it and sort of you you pick the different type of strategy that you want based off of like your risk tolerance and I love how it was like you have a high tolerance risk or highest tolerance for risk or low tolerance for risk or lowest tolerance for risk and it does enable you to like even put I think I put $20 to work at a like pretty Diversified Group maybe six different groups of stocks like fractional ownership of them it was pretty interesting so I'd love to hear your perspective I mean you know why are these companies uh or these forums starting to talk about Robin Hood as a place for retirement and how have how have your users started to gravitate towards towards this type of buying I mean I think uh these folks are um smart first of all they're Savvy investors that you know read the fine print of everything and they're making calculations they're like okay if you know I'm investing at a discount brokerage or I have an advisor and you know I'm paying a 25 to 100 basis point annual fee they run spreadsheets and see how the that affects their their returns right and they see what these advisers are doing in large part you know they're they're kind of handholding they're providing a sounding board they're calming customers down when the markets are exceptionally volatile and telling and they're kind of a steady hand at the ship the asset allocation is pretty commoditized I mean we know we know the algorithms there um and you know some some advisers and Brokers are still out their charging commissions because you know maybe their clients prefer to talk to them on the phone they have higher costs of servicing they like to go into a brick-and mortar location to to make their Investments um but for our customers they're younger they tend to be much more digitally Savvy they're early adopters of Technology they want the service to just work and they can have technology sort of solve a lot of these more transactional problems that you know you've had to go into a branch office or or make a phone call to do in the past and then um you look at the costs you look at the ease of use and then you take these matches um for example the 1% in uh non-old and then the the 3% for gold accounts you carry that over over a long time period say you know multiple decades which is which is what these customers have for for retirement and that adds up to like uh pretty strong economically rational argument for for investing with us um and now I'd also add that um you know there's uh I was going to make another point but uh I got while you think of that let me ask you about the match how are you able to do the match I mean the money comes into Robin Hood it goes right into stocks so you're passing it along into the equity and you match like I mean I think I put you know $20 in yesterday and free money from Robin Hood like a free 20 cents came in from Robin Hood um where are you getting that money like how is that how is that even feasible for your business I mean the way we think about it is retirement relationships particularly are long-term relationships those accounts um like we we believe that if we serve those customers well over time they're going to continue to contribute it contribute to to their accounts they'll grow and also they'll do more things with us you know and there is this thing where the more assets you have with one platform the more services you use the more likely you are for uh the next service that we offer for for you to be a customer there and you know we have been seeing it the more customers use our services the more assets they put on Robin Hood generally the the happier they become and they become product evangelists and we think all these things are going to coales into these being profitable relationships over the long run and why do you think people are not getting um these services from like the traditional Financial system is it if they have like less money that just doesn't care about them or like why would people open up a retirement account with Robin Hood versus like a JP Morgan Chase well I think it's it's again those two things that that make Robin Hood products differentiated in the market it's the economics which for retirement it's not just the lack of commissions and minimums on on trades but it's also the the the compelling matches and the second thing is the user experience you know you don't want to fill out a PDF and fax things when you create an account you you don't necessarily want to have to go to a branch office I could see the the value of a branch office being there for like exceptional scenarios but for your like typical day-to-day work you just want to take out your phone and and do the action and have that completed seamlessly and that's that's what we do better I believe than than anyone else and you know you've probably seen the onboarding experience yourself the team has spent a lot of time crafting uh particularly the retirement onboarding and how we construct those recommended portfolios um we've won Design Awards for that product and I I don't think that you can say that about other retirement products on the marketplace I mean when no I I thought it was excellent of a retirement product winning a a design award you know yeah no going through the flow I thought it was excellent so you know for a lot of companies in the economy everything sort of flipped when we hit you know 5% interest rates going from zero like within a year a year and a half I can't imagine a company who would change life for more than yours right where people like in the zero interest rate environment are going to be more active trading equities and now like you might be more interested in putting your money in a money market that will give you that five you know six% so what have you seen there and how has that changed like your mentality for the way that you do business yeah I mean what we've seen is um a lot of the Casual firsttime investors have sort of retreated from the market and they're interested in in other things uh like earning yield on their cash and if you think about it again from the economics perspective it's a economically rational change because if you're earning five plus percent risk-free rate on your cash and you look historically at what the Market's been able to do um you know getting that 5% risk-free is a compelling value proposition and a zero rate environment you know you you you basically get nothing risk-free and so you've seen kind of these macro flows away from from equities into you know things like money market funds high yield accounts and you know more more and more of sort of like the the excess cash is going into these vehicles um in terms of active trading I'd say active Traders tend to be more resilient because they engage in more sophisticated strategies you know they can they have strategies that um they deploy to take advantage of falling markets or or markets that tend to be like up and down and so we have been continuing our focus on active Traders and in fact um we're much closer to active Traders than we were in the early Robin Hood days active Traders have always used our products but you know before before recent years we kind of Built For the First Time Mass Market consumer and we didn't really get deep into the needs of of active Traders and solving their problems and we've been able to do a ton of work starting in the year 2020 that you know builds towards us being the best platform for for active Traders and we've got some more wood to chop but active Traders are much happier on our platform now than they were at the beginning of 2022 yeah they must love the volatility I mean with the vix as high as it's been over the past few years years well also just like the user experience you know it's like basic things like um making sure that customers who are trading options actively can continue to trade them if they're marked pattern day Traders and having a good cash account experience where you can continue to trade options in cash accounts not just margin accounts um giving customers more data and more advanced charting I think if if you look at the needs of of these active customers um we've got a full road map many many years of of work to craft the best experience for them and I think it's it's an exciting challenge for our teams because you know it pushes us to make our systems faster make our experience even better while making that Simplicity um while keeping the Simplicity that you know Robin Hood is known for and I think these are the types of problems that attract really great engineers and designers and kind of um keep us at the Forefront of of innovation in our space right and you've mentioned design and like ease of use a handful of times in our conversation already which like is it's important right because it does make this stuff more accessible to people who might otherwise be turned off by um platforms that don't let them in without a minimum balance for instance or you know just start design so dauntingly that it wouldn't it's not worth taking the hours to go and open a retirement account if you have $20 and so you've solved that but you did you did get some Flack you know in the earlier years about making it so easy you know on the downside like for instance making it easy to open margin accounts and trade trade on margin um people trading with money they didn't have or losing more money than they than they had which is always a possibility when you do margin trading have you taken any of that feedback to heart and changed the product at all after that early criticism um I think some of that criticism is fair um other parts of it are kind of in the vein of well commissions are good because people shouldn't be trading that much and so you know if you charge people more they'll do it less but in reality that's kind of self-serving criticism in a way because you know none of these Brokers that were charging commissions were doing it because of like yeah I'm not going to stand here and argue that commission's good I am not going to do that but but the broader criticism yeah it's a fair um it's a different form of that argument to say that oh it's good that you know our signup flows are convoluted and you know confusing and you have to go through all of these steps because there's got to be some middle ground though doing to do it but it's it's not it's because they haven't invested in engineering and user experience and you know if if they could wave wave a magic wand and have a great customer experience every single brokerage would do it and I'd say they're like trying really hard to do it and that's why you see um like the the user interfaces of The Brokerage products that are doing well have all tended to begin to resemble Robin Hood's user interface over time you know it's just like it it's gone from inspiration to more and more kind of blatant copying I would say yeah so you talked in the earlier part of your response though you said there was some criticism that valid so like putting aside the fact that there are some people that say commissions are good what do you think about the valid part of that criticism then um I mean I think that it's it it's always good to take into account the impacts of new technology um on society right like we have to ask these questions like you know we're now in a world where people can communicate with each other and share ideas what's the impact of of that going to be on the markets and on people's well-being and those questions are being asked you're seeing a lot of that with AI like what's the impact of that going to be on people's Investments and you know imagine a world where you have an AI telling you what to invest in or or what to do um sometimes you do need to reconsider regulations um in terms of Investments and what Brokers can and can't offer to customers there are existing rules like suitability you know we have to run suitability checks and uh there's regulations governing who's suitable for advanced products like margin and and options and of course I think it's entirely reasonable to like rehash these rules over time reconsider them see if anything needs to be updated but I think the right way to do that is to do that on like a industrywide basis where there's a Level Playing Field and to make make sure that you know it's not just new companies like Robin Hood and smaller startups that are kind of being singled out but if you want to change the rules everyone should have to everyone should have to be part of that right and speaking of like examining things at an industrywide level when it comes to payment for order flow the SEC has been investigating that U you made some comments about that in in the past I'm curious like that that's been another place where people look when they look at Robin Hood business and they wonder what's up there like should Robin Hood be you know making that much money on payment for order flow so I'm curious like what your perspective is on that front and if you have any plans to shift away from that yeah I mean my my perspective on that is I mean I've I remember a time where you know Brokers were charging $10 in in trade commissions it wasn't that long ago right if if you look back um let's say in the year 2018 or 201 19 and you look through um a publicly traded brokerage retail brokerage is financials um for example old TD Merit trade uh financials you can get a pretty good idea of what the revenue model and how the business of retail trading looks like and if if I remember correctly these are rough numbers but directional you know they they would say they made on average $1 of Revenue per trade of that $1 $10 was commissions and around $1 was you know order routing revenues or payment for order flow and of course what happened when they had to replicate our business model is that $10 went away and they were generating some money from payment for order flow and you know on the first day when they announced moving from removing the commissions you see the the stocks of these active trading platforms drop by considerable amounts I think TDM air trade was over 30% in one day so I think you you look at the markets don't lie um what happened was the elimination of commissions just led to a lot more value coming back into the hands of consumers and it affected the financials of these large competitors and that's what happened across the board um and you know I think it's just good to level set and remind people that we're talking about that little bit that was like the remaining 10% of of economics in the trade um and in general you know I'm in favor of examining uh examining the business models but I think a return to like commission-based pricing is going to lead to less money in in the pockets of consumers and you don't really want to turn back the clock here because I think the model has unquestionably led to um lower costs and and a better user experience for for retail investors and you don't think there's a problem I actually haven't heard of a compelling alternative I mean alter or one way or another rewinding to how things were five years ago right and what's going to happen is people are going to pay higher fees and nobody wants that if they did want that Robin Hood wouldn't have become so successful with with our model totally and what about the side of the argument that says that you know if you do rely on that it makes a broker like Robin Hood too close to the market makers uh yeah that never really resonated with me because like market makers are I mean it's a it's a very uh commoditized service it's basically like a utility I mean they they do a lot of work on the back end but you can look at our routing table we route orders to lots of market makers and they all compete uh over who provides the best execution quality to our customers and if you read there there have been several academic studies that um actually go through and you know Place trades at a variety of Brokers and uh they see how execution quality is affected by order size and timing of Trades and you know it paints a very positive picture I think of of how Robin Hood conducts that business and you know that's also a story that's kind of seldom told everyone likes to kind of brag on Robin Hood but we put a lot of investment in making sure that customers get great execution quality and you know there's a lot of like data science and engineering involved in optimizing these these things for customers and um I think you know through these academic studies you can actually see the degree of sophistication that we put in to make sure people people get their executions yeah and I think over time like over this conversation we've talked a lot about like the how Robin Hood Stacks up against Legacy financial institutions and it is good that you guys are pressing them because you see things like for instance I'm banking with Chase I guess now I'm a Chase and a Robin Hood customer right and yeah there are so many things like here's one example if I want to buy a bond there um I got to call the financial adviser or if I want to move a certain amount of money into an IRA I have to call and the reason that you have to call is because that they put you on the line with one of their financial advisers selling their financial products that have that 1% commission and that's how they're making their money and they don't need to you don't like there's no reason to physically have to make that phone call it's just for Chase to try to make money that 1% off of anything that you have with them and like that's ridiculous like the ease of use that you have with some of these fintech companies actually does press that and say and says if you're going to do that there's going to be Alternatives that will not force people to make these you know make these phone calls and be able to do what they need to do when they need to do it and the consumer will choose yeah I mean I I agree with what you said with one caveat I actually don't think they're capable right now of providing you that experience digitally I think what happened was they have to provide that experience over the phone with humans they're running on Main frames and they have Legacy technology and they use that opportunity they're saying oh well our agents on the phone with the customer anyway like let's see what else we can sell them while we've got the customer on the phone so I I don't think um yeah I think the causality went into the other direction like really you think it's a tech limitation absolutely yeah I mean now it's trenched right now it's uh sort of like the service and the sales are one and the same and that's actually an impediment to to them providing you the great experience because you know if if the engineering team's like we can fix this this and we can actually completely digitize it they probably have a sales team that's like oh but that's our you know number three channel for getting new customers and you know it's it it's sort of like that's going to prevent them from doing maybe the right thing um and I think that's the benefit that we get in part because we really care about the engineering of of these systems but also because we are a younger company we started with a clean slate uh we had the benefit of like modern technology Cloud AWS um we're here in in Silicon Valley where we have a great team of Engineers that obsesses over these things um and so sometimes starting without the Legacy CR uh gives you an advantage when when kind of rethinking these things from first principles we're here with Vlad ten of the CEO and co-founder of Robin Hood on the other side of this break we're going to talk a little bit more about Robin Hood's push to uh sort of get the Legacy financial institutions on their heels with something like credit cards that might be fun to talk about and we'll also talk about crypto and the movies that we're seeing with Bitcoin and the Bitcoin ETF all right we'll be back right after this and we're back here on big technology podcast with ventive CEO and co-founder of Robin Hood let's just briefly just talk about crypto we have a a debate here uh on the show a lot about why anybody would need a Bitcoin ETF a Bitcoin had to like you know the idea was to challenge the existing Financial system and B you're just you could just buy Bitcoin with coinbase like why do you need an ETF there it's something that Robin Hood gives service to so yeah so so talk a little bit more about that oh yeah you could also buy Bitcoin I actually did buy some Bitcoin on Robin Hood last night so um why why the need for an ETF yeah and and again with our crypto offering it's um it's also those same two things the user experience making sure that's world class and the economics and it since you mentioned you transacted with Robin Hood crypto you could probably appreciate the effort and Care we've put into uh not just the experience but like making it clear to you what the economics of that transaction are and just how great of a deal you're getting on Robin Hood relative to some of the other places um bit Point ETF um I think I I see both sides of that argument and I have to be careful not to talk about individual Securities on the platform but what I'll tell you is the argument Behind These ETFs is there's a lot of participants in the Legacy Financial system that maybe don't have the ability to offer um spot crypto products directly they don't want to deal with like the cyber security Channel challenges of custody these things appropriately holding on to the the private Keys doing all of that work which is new work but they just want to give their clients exposure to bitcoin or other cryptos in as easy of a way as possible and they're already plugged into the capital markets the regulated exchanges um if something is listed on a national Securities Exchange they can plug it into their security master and offer it to clients and for them this lowers the barrier to entry for getting exposure to this asset class so I think that that's the argument for it but yeah for those that are Tech technically Savvy and you know know how to use Robin Hood or other platforms I don't know if it actually changes the the Dynamics so much what do you think it says about the Bitcoin dream then that if it's so intermingled in mainstream Financial platforms um yeah I have mixed feelings about that I I think to some extent like in order for it to be successful like having a um you know having having a regulated framework behind it and having sort of like acceptance um and integration into the Legacy Financial system is going to be a prerequisite um on the other hand I know that there's like a contingent Bitcoin Maxis that are you know very libertarian in their beliefs and they might disagree with me there but I think for the the asset to actually have staying power it it is going to have to find an equilibrium and there there is going to have to be strong integration with Legacy Financial rails and abilities to to move money and um traditional kind of compliance infrastructure right okay got to talk about credit cards I mean credit card business is such a fascinating business right it's so exploitative in some ways like you get behind on your credit card payments and you're just in in in store for a heap of interest and it'll be very difficult to dig out of it on the other hand some people love their credit cards they like there are people who spend their lives like manipulating the points on their credit cards and trying to figure out how to get the highest credit score and they become kind of obsessive about it and obviously it underpins a lot of the lot of the Commerce that we do today so you've said like you some parallels uh notably with investing in that way right I mean it's just like like any powerful tool that you know democratizes access to something there's sort of ways that it can be abused and and ways that it can be extremely powerful and I think the challenge is like how can we how can we make these products as good as possible like not throw the baby out with a bath water but address some of these concerns so that so what's your answer benefit for society yeah and what's your answer there well my answer is um I mean without getting into the details of products that we're going to launch I'd say the philosophy is the same in general we want to build products that lower costs to Consumers um and result in more money in their pockets and we want the experience to be world class and and topnotch and not just the pixels but also how we're communicating in how you know the the status of your account whether it's in good standing and kind of the the transparency into the internals that we provide um those are all things that are very important for any product that that we roll out now last thing I want to talk to you about you mentioned a little bit about AI about how you know we might see AI start to advise people on trades things like that what what do you think about I mean the world of generative AI seems like it would be perfect especially for a company like yours who's like walking people through these complex you know financial decisions um seems like it would be perfect addition to your product right like I go in and I say you know give me a state of the of of the accounts that I have within Robin Hood like where am I winning where am I losing what should I be thinking about what is it and then and then education explain to me what exactly it is to like have a long long uh call or something like that um are you thinking about that can we expect to see that is this going to be something that I mean obviously if it gets something wrong yeah it's a problem but is this something that we're going to see in a product like Robin Hood I mean we spent a lot of time thinking about this um probably would wouldn't surprise you um I do think that over time you'll see AI Technologies going further and further Upstream I mean if you look back a couple of years even before you know gp4 came out you had um machine learning algorithm ithms that were sort of like um extremely kind of down funnel in the financial experience a lot of companies were using them for fraud analytics to detect suspicious activity um all sorts of things like that and then over time you know especially with large language models you're seeing that going further and further Upstream to the point where like reasoning is now aided by AI like you can actually help people make decisions and um yeah I don't think Financial Services is going to be immune to this I think Financial Services will will benefit tremendously from AI kind of augmenting and permeating every aspect of of the financial relationship um and and that includes investment advice and idea generation it also includes cross cell I mean we were we were talking about your um you know your interaction with with your bank where you know you were trying to fund a retirement account and they're selling you other products well over time um I think AI is sort of a good user experience cross cell tool inside products um you're you're also going to see that more and more it's also Vision Pro week are you going to get a Vision Pro are you guys going to develop for it um I I I love um you know uh I love uh new new things I did actually uh pre-order A Vision Pro I got very excited about it so I I can't wait I haven't actually played with it yet but um yeah I can't wait to try it out I think that you know I have mixed feelings when I saw the initial demo um the battery pack that you had to kind of carry around with you also feels pretty lonely yeah but um you know anytime you see a new platform release like that and the last one was the watch that I'm wearing right now from from Apple to some extent airpods with podcasting you've got to pay attention and um you know I know our designers and Engineers are are really excited to take a look at the capabilities and and what we can do for customers there yeah I'm just imagining like it's kind of like a scene for movie right just sitting back with the Vision Pro and you can like literally have all your Holdings all your charts that you would have to go tab tab tab just all there in front of you it's like a day Trader's dream but I want to ask you to reveal your pro your plans because I know you're in quiet period but sorry go ahead I I mean I do think that if you look at what it gives you it's sort of like opening up infinite screen real estate and and that's kind of a interesting new paradigm right all right let's end with this 10 years right at Robin Hood what is what is surprising urised you and what do you think the next 10 will look like um I think what surprised me is uh how adaptable uh even a large organization can be you know I think um I've I've had the privilege of um you know starting the company when we were a handful of people I was a software engineer just writing a lot of code and seen it evolve through the various stages and you know just particularly in the past couple of years seeing how the company is evolved into one that predominantly served novice slactive Traders into one that um you know serves people in a wide spectrum of things in retirement and wealth building and earning more yield on their on their uninvested cash um and kind of the uh the way that small groups of highly motivated people who are mission oriented um Can can actually have a huge impact and I think I'm just continually amazed at what our people can do and and how much resilience and kind of passion for the customer we have and it it makes me um and I'm just very proud to be to be working here and uh it's funny like um I still feel like we're a small startup because I've kind of have have seen it but looking back at the 10 years number and it's really quite shocking it's a long time long we' been at this and and how much we've learned yeah currently a n 9.5 billion company on the stock market um so what do you think the next 10 years looks like like in 10 years from now is Robin Hood going to look the same um I mean we've we're very ambitious uh as as you can imagine I think there's a couple of transitions that we'll have to make one is like actually continuing on the process from not just serving active Traders but actually serving people's comprehensive wealth building needs um also we're still predominantly a US company you know we we've expanded into some markets where uh we announced uh launching in the UK last year in the EU for crypto as well and uh these are longterm bets that will materialize over over the long run and making sure that we success y navigate the transition from being kind of a US focused company to to Really serving uh customers from around the world and if you look back at our mission it's absolutely critical that not just Americans have access to the the best financial tools but there's lots of people out there that you know are in countries without a functional currency or banking system they don't have access to easy ways to invest I mean I saw that myself in the '90s when you know Bulgaria went through economic crisis and hyperinflation and like the the kinds of things that people had to do to stash away their wealth um were shocking and if they just had easier tools that were accessible to everyone I think that uh we could really help people on on a much bigger scale what did they do to stash away their their wealth copper cookware really yeah my my grandparents had copper cookware that um you know was uh they would put their pension Pension funds in because the Bulgarian Lev in the 9s um hyperinflated like a th% which is also funny you know hear about uh low singled digigit inflation and um people are rightfully very concerned about that but having been through like multi 100% th% inflation in the 90s you just get a little bit of a different perspective at you know how how lucky we are to be in this country and and and plugged into this financial system which is sort of like the the Envy of most of the world definitely I mean even last year like you saw inflation rates in Argentina were 100 or 80 to 100% and you're right us was going through crisis at something like seven or eight I mean you know it's not good in any situation so all right Vlad thank you so much for coming on great to see you and thanks so much for all the insights yeah thank you Alex really appreciate the time all right thanks everybody for listening we'll be back on Friday with actually Ronan Roy will be here to help you help us break down the news as always but Joanna Stern from The Wall Street Journal will talk about her experience skiing down the ski slope in The Vision Pro so we'll hope to see you then and we will see you next time on big technology podcast